This factsheet provides an overview of gender-based violence (GBV) in Nepal during the fiscal year 2080/81 (July 2023 to June 2024), emphasizing its widespread nature and the urgent need for sustained action. A total of 1,393 cases were recorded, with domestic violence being the most common (911 cases), followed by rape (185 cases) and human trafficking (77 cases). Koshi Province reported the highest numbers, including 450 domestic violence cases and 85 rapes, highlighting significant regional disparities that demand focused interventions.
Most survivors were young women aged 18-25, with a troubling number of minors involved in rape cases. In most instances, perpetrators were known to the survivors, pointing to interpersonal violence deeply rooted in families and communities. This reflects entrenched cultural norms that normalize violence and perpetuate unequal power dynamics.
Harmful traditional practices also play a major role in GBV, with 23 cases of child marriage and 28 related to dowry violence. These customs continue to endanger women and girls. Witchcraft allegations were reported in 11 cases, with community members making up 45% of the perpetrators. Additionally, 39 cases of polygamy were recorded, the highest in Karnali Province (44%). The data further reveals that GBV affects women across all educational backgrounds, underscoring its pervasive nature. Violence against Women Human Rights Defenders (WHRDs) adds another layer of concern. Out of 102 respondents, 96 reported facing threats, including physical abuse, mental harassment, and character assassination. Such threats hinder their advocacy efforts and deepen the culture of silence around GBV.
Despite decades of efforts, challenges persist. The 1993 UN Declaration on the Elimination of Violence against Women defines VAWG (Violence Against Women and Girls) as acts causing physical, sexual, or psychological harm, whether in public or private. WOREC views VAWG broadly, encompassing physical, sexual, economic, social, and political violence, as well as harassment and exploitation, all of which compromise the dignity and rights of women and girls.
Patriarchal beliefs, impunity for perpetrators, weak justice systems, and harmful socio-cultural practices fuel GBV, while inadequate legal enforcement and limited resources marginalize survivors further. Over its 34-year journey, WOREC has shown that addressing GBV requires a comprehensive approach tackling these root causes and empowering women and girls.
This data underscores the need for stronger legal frameworks, public awareness, survivor support, and community-driven efforts to dismantle harmful practices. Tailored strategies are vital to address regional disparities and foster a just and equitable society where women and girls can live free from fear.
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